Category: C

Culm: Culm /k?lm/ noun the stem of a grass which bears flowers. Understanding culms aids in managing grass growth and crop production.

Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL): A veterinary service set up to assist the Government’s department for agriculture and food by researching infectious diseases. Engaging with CVL helps farmers adopt best practices for livestock health and disease prevention.

Capsicum: A group of plants grown for their pod-like fruit, including chili and sweet peppers. Growing capsicum crops provides valuable produce for fresh markets and processing, contributing to farm income.

Cattle Rustling: The stealing of cattle. Preventing cattle rustling involves using technology, security practices, and community cooperation to protect livestock.

Codominant: Codominant /k??d?min?nt/ adjective 1. (of a species) (said of two or more species) being roughly equally abundant in an area and more abundant than any other species. There are three codominant tree species in this forest. 2. Referring to alleles of a gene that are not fully dominant over other alleles in a heterozygous individual. Understanding codominance helps farmers with breeding programs.

Cellulose: A carbohydrate that makes up a large percentage of plant matter, especially cell walls. Managing cellulose in animal diets ensures they receive adequate fiber for healthy digestion and growth.

Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm /sa?t??plæz?m/ noun a jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane which surrounds the nucleus of a cell. Understanding cytoplasm aids in managing cell biology and crop health.

Commensal: Commensal /k?mens?l/ noun an organism which lives on another plant or animal but does not harm it or influence it in any way. Parasite, symbiont adjective referring to a commensal. Understanding commensal relationships helps manage ecosystem balance and biodiversity.

Combining Peas: Combining peas plural noun peas grown on a large scale, which are harvested with a combine harvester. Growing and combining peas improves crop efficiency and marketability.

Crib: Crib noun a holder for fodder, with sides made of wooden bars. Utilizing cribs provides proper feeding facilities for livestock.

Clydesdale: A breed of heavy draught horse originating in Scotland, known for its brown or black color with a mass of white ‘feathers’ at the feet. Raising Clydesdale horses provides valuable animals for work and recreation, contributing to farm productivity and income.

Cutting: Cutting noun a small piece of a plant from which a new plant will grow COMMENT: Taking cuttings is a frequently used method of propagation which ensures that the new plant is an exact clone of the one from which the cutting was taken. Utilizing cuttings supports plant propagation and crop improvement.

Coop: Coop /ku:p/ noun a cage for poultry. Using coops ensures proper housing and management of poultry.

Cattle Identification Document (CID): A document identifying an animal and showing its movements from owner to owner. Using CIDs helps farmers track livestock, manage herd health, and comply with regulations.

Chrysalis: A stage in the development of a butterfly or moth when the pupa is protected in a hard case. Understanding insect life cycles, including the chrysalis stage, helps farmers manage pest populations and protect crops.

Coltsfoot: Coltsfoot /k??ltsf?t/ noun a perennial weed (Tussilago farfara). Managing coltsfoot involves using weed control measures to protect crops.

Creep Feeding: Creep feeding noun a process by which a young animal such as a calf is allowed access to concentrates through a small entrance, while the adult cow is unable to reach the feed. Implementing creep feeding practices ensures proper nutrition for young livestock.

caprine: Relating to goats. Knowledge of caprine health and behavior is essential for effective goat farming.

Countryside Recreation: Countryside recreation noun leisure activities that take place in the countryside. Also called rural recreation. ‘The recommendations are in line with a government conclusion two years ago that there was no case for a general ban on the recreational use of motor vehicles on byways, and argue that low-key motorized recreational use of such routes is an established form of countryside recreation.’ [Farming News]. Engaging in countryside recreation supports sustainable tourism and rural development.

Chalky: Referring to soil that contains a lot of chalk. Understanding soil composition helps farmers manage fertility and optimize crop production on chalky lands.

Crimp: Crimp /kr?mp/ verb to condition fresh cut grass, by nipping the stems and releasing the sap. Utilizing crimping techniques enhances feed quality for livestock.

Cattle Health Certification Standards (CHCS): An organization setting common standards for testing non-notifiable diseases in cattle. Engaging with CHCS helps farmers maintain herd health and comply with industry standards.

Chlorination: Sterilization by adding chlorine. Implementing chlorination practices helps farmers manage water quality and ensure food safety in processing operations.

CAE (Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis): A disease of goats that affects their joints and overall health. Preventing and managing CAE involves regular testing, culling infected animals, and maintaining biosecurity measures to protect herd health.

Casual Labour: Workers hired for short periods from time to time. Utilizing casual labor helps farmers manage seasonal work demands and reduce labor costs.

Contaminate: Contaminate verb to make something impure by touching it or by adding something, especially something harmful, to it Supplies of drinking water were contaminated by uncontrolled discharges from the factory. A whole group of tourists fell ill after eating contaminated food. Preventing contamination ensures product safety and protects consumer health.

Clear: To remove plants to prepare open land for cultivation. Properly clearing land helps farmers prepare for planting and manage field operations efficiently.

Chemical Score: Comparison of the relative protein values of particular foodstuffs, tested in laboratory experiments. Using chemical score assessments helps farmers formulate balanced livestock diets and ensure optimal animal health.

Cappie: A disease of sheep associated with thinning of the skull bones. Managing sheep health involves monitoring for signs of cappie and providing appropriate veterinary care to affected animals.

Chip Basket: A basket woven from thin strips of wood. Using chip baskets helps farmers manage and transport produce efficiently, protecting quality and reducing waste.

Click Beetle: A brown beetle (Agriotes species) with larvae that attack cereals by eating plants just below the soil surface. Managing click beetles involves using integrated pest management practices to protect crops and ensure healthy growth.

Carboxyhaemoglobin: A compound of carbon monoxide and the blood pigment hemoglobin. Preventing carbon monoxide exposure protects the health of livestock and farmworkers.

Contact Weedkiller: Contact weedkiller noun same as contact herbicide. Using contact weedkillers effectively controls weeds and protects crops.

Crude Fibre: Crude fibre noun a term used in analyzing foodstuffs, as a measure of digestibility. Fibre is necessary for good digestion, and lack of it can lead to diseases in the intestines. Understanding crude fibre content aids in managing livestock nutrition and health.

Chives: An onion-like herb (Allium schoenoprasum) used as a garnish or in soups and salads. Growing chives provides a specialty crop for culinary use, enhancing farm product diversity and income.

Corm: Corm /k?m/ noun a swollen underground plant stem with a terminal bud, e.g. on a crocus COMMENT: Crocuses, gladioli, and cyclamens have corms, not bulbs. Understanding corm development aids in managing bulbous crops.

Comfrey: Comfrey /k?mfri/ noun a medicinal herb of the genus Boraginaceae that is also used in salads and for composting. Growing comfrey provides medicinal herbs and enhances soil health through composting.

Carnivore: An animal that eats meat. Managing carnivorous pests and predators involves using appropriate control measures to protect livestock and crops.

Centrifugal Sugar: A type of raw sugar containing 96% to 98% sucrose, isolated from sugar beet or cane. Understanding sugar processing helps farmers and processors produce high-quality sweeteners for the market.

Cress: Cress /kr?s/ noun a plant (Lepidium sativum) used as a salad vegetable. Cultivating cress provides nutritious leafy greens for markets.

Club Root: A fungal disease (Plasmodiophora brassicae) affecting brassicas, causing swelling and distortion of roots. Managing club root involves using resistant crop varieties and appropriate fungicides to protect plants and ensure healthy growth.

Chemical Fertilizer: Same as artificial fertilizer. Using chemical fertilizers helps farmers improve soil fertility and crop yields, ensuring sustainable agricultural production.

CVM: CVM abbreviation complex vertebral malformation. Understanding complex vertebral malformation aids in managing livestock health and breeding.

Comice: Comice /k?mi:s/ Doyenne du Comice noun a variety of pear known for its sweetness and juiciness. Cultivating Comice pears adds value to orchard production and provides high-quality fruit for markets.

Celsius: A scale of temperature where the freezing point of water is 0° and the boiling point is 100°. Symbol: C. Understanding temperature scales helps farmers monitor and manage environmental conditions for optimal crop and livestock health.

Complex Vertebral Malformation: Complex vertebral malformation noun a congenital condition of Holstein cattle, symptoms of which include reduced weight and a misshapen backbone. Abbr CVM. Managing complex vertebral malformation involves genetic testing and selective breeding to reduce incidence.

Cold Shortening: Cold shortening noun chilling meat too quickly after slaughter, which makes it tough. Properly managing meat processing techniques ensures high-quality, tender meat products.

Combine Drill: Combine drill noun a drill which sows grain and fertilizer at the same time (NOTE: Some drills have separate tubes for the seed and the fertilizer, others have one tube for both. It is important to clean combine drills after use, as the corrosive action of the fertilizer can damage the tubes). Using combine drills ensures efficient planting and fertilization.

Connective Tissue: Connective tissue /k?nektiv ti?u/ noun the tissue that forms the main part of bones and cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, in which a large amount of fibrous material surrounds the tissue cells. Understanding connective tissue aids in managing livestock health and veterinary care.

Claying: The application of clay to sandy soils to improve their texture. Using claying techniques helps farmers manage soil health and improve water retention and fertility.