Category: C

Clear: To remove plants to prepare open land for cultivation. Properly clearing land helps farmers prepare for planting and manage field operations efficiently.

Chemical Score: Comparison of the relative protein values of particular foodstuffs, tested in laboratory experiments. Using chemical score assessments helps farmers formulate balanced livestock diets and ensure optimal animal health.

Cappie: A disease of sheep associated with thinning of the skull bones. Managing sheep health involves monitoring for signs of cappie and providing appropriate veterinary care to affected animals.

Chip Basket: A basket woven from thin strips of wood. Using chip baskets helps farmers manage and transport produce efficiently, protecting quality and reducing waste.

Click Beetle: A brown beetle (Agriotes species) with larvae that attack cereals by eating plants just below the soil surface. Managing click beetles involves using integrated pest management practices to protect crops and ensure healthy growth.

Carboxyhaemoglobin: A compound of carbon monoxide and the blood pigment hemoglobin. Preventing carbon monoxide exposure protects the health of livestock and farmworkers.

Contact Weedkiller: Contact weedkiller noun same as contact herbicide. Using contact weedkillers effectively controls weeds and protects crops.

Crude Fibre: Crude fibre noun a term used in analyzing foodstuffs, as a measure of digestibility. Fibre is necessary for good digestion, and lack of it can lead to diseases in the intestines. Understanding crude fibre content aids in managing livestock nutrition and health.

Chives: An onion-like herb (Allium schoenoprasum) used as a garnish or in soups and salads. Growing chives provides a specialty crop for culinary use, enhancing farm product diversity and income.

Corm: Corm /k?m/ noun a swollen underground plant stem with a terminal bud, e.g. on a crocus COMMENT: Crocuses, gladioli, and cyclamens have corms, not bulbs. Understanding corm development aids in managing bulbous crops.

Comfrey: Comfrey /k?mfri/ noun a medicinal herb of the genus Boraginaceae that is also used in salads and for composting. Growing comfrey provides medicinal herbs and enhances soil health through composting.

Carnivore: An animal that eats meat. Managing carnivorous pests and predators involves using appropriate control measures to protect livestock and crops.

Centrifugal Sugar: A type of raw sugar containing 96% to 98% sucrose, isolated from sugar beet or cane. Understanding sugar processing helps farmers and processors produce high-quality sweeteners for the market.

Cress: Cress /kr?s/ noun a plant (Lepidium sativum) used as a salad vegetable. Cultivating cress provides nutritious leafy greens for markets.

Club Root: A fungal disease (Plasmodiophora brassicae) affecting brassicas, causing swelling and distortion of roots. Managing club root involves using resistant crop varieties and appropriate fungicides to protect plants and ensure healthy growth.

Chemical Fertilizer: Same as artificial fertilizer. Using chemical fertilizers helps farmers improve soil fertility and crop yields, ensuring sustainable agricultural production.

CVM: CVM abbreviation complex vertebral malformation. Understanding complex vertebral malformation aids in managing livestock health and breeding.

Comice: Comice /k?mi:s/ Doyenne du Comice noun a variety of pear known for its sweetness and juiciness. Cultivating Comice pears adds value to orchard production and provides high-quality fruit for markets.

Celsius: A scale of temperature where the freezing point of water is 0° and the boiling point is 100°. Symbol: C. Understanding temperature scales helps farmers monitor and manage environmental conditions for optimal crop and livestock health.

Complex Vertebral Malformation: Complex vertebral malformation noun a congenital condition of Holstein cattle, symptoms of which include reduced weight and a misshapen backbone. Abbr CVM. Managing complex vertebral malformation involves genetic testing and selective breeding to reduce incidence.

Cold Shortening: Cold shortening noun chilling meat too quickly after slaughter, which makes it tough. Properly managing meat processing techniques ensures high-quality, tender meat products.

Combine Drill: Combine drill noun a drill which sows grain and fertilizer at the same time (NOTE: Some drills have separate tubes for the seed and the fertilizer, others have one tube for both. It is important to clean combine drills after use, as the corrosive action of the fertilizer can damage the tubes). Using combine drills ensures efficient planting and fertilization.

Connective Tissue: Connective tissue /k?nektiv ti?u/ noun the tissue that forms the main part of bones and cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, in which a large amount of fibrous material surrounds the tissue cells. Understanding connective tissue aids in managing livestock health and veterinary care.

Claying: The application of clay to sandy soils to improve their texture. Using claying techniques helps farmers manage soil health and improve water retention and fertility.

Contagious Abortion: Contagious abortion noun Brucellosis, an infectious disease, which is usually associated with cattle where it results in reduced milk yields, infertility, and abortion. Managing contagious abortion involves vaccination and biosecurity measures to protect livestock health.

Catchment: An area of land that collects and drains rainwater, such as a lake or river basin. Managing catchment areas supports sustainable water use and protects soil and water quality on farms.

Casting: A method of ploughing in a circle, going in an anticlockwise direction. Using casting ploughing techniques helps farmers manage field operations and improve soil structure for crop growth.

Celeriac: A variety of celery with a thick edible root used in soups and salads. Growing celeriac provides a nutritious and versatile crop for fresh markets, enhancing farm income.

Cryptosporidiosis: Cryptosporidiosis /kr?pt??sp?r?di??s?s/ noun a disease of humans, caused by bacteria found in animals and in contaminated water. Managing cryptosporidiosis involves implementing biosecurity measures to protect livestock and human health.

Corn Cob: Corn cob noun a seed head of maize. Also called cob. Managing corn cobs ensures proper maize production and utilization.

Chronic: Referring to a disease or condition that lasts for a long time. Managing chronic conditions in livestock involves providing ongoing veterinary care and monitoring to ensure animal welfare and productivity.

Crop Growth Rate: Crop growth rate noun the rate of increase in dry weight per unit area of all or part of a sward. Understanding crop growth rates aids in managing crop yields and optimizing production.

Coffee Cherry: Coffee cherry noun the red fruit of the coffee plant, which contains the coffee beans. Harvesting coffee cherries at the right time ensures optimal flavor and quality of the coffee beans.

Cactus: A succulent plant with a fleshy stem often protected by spines, found in the deserts of North and Central America. (Plural: cacti or cactuses.) Cultivating cacti can provide farmers with drought-resistant crops that require minimal water, useful in arid farming regions.

Crop Sprayer: Crop sprayer noun a machine or aircraft which sprays insecticide, herbicide, or fungicide onto crops, or a company that performs this service. Utilizing crop sprayers protects crops from pests and diseases.

Cross-Infection: Cross-infection noun an infection of other animals in a herd or flock from an infected animal. Managing cross-infection involves implementing biosecurity measures to protect livestock health.

Consumer: Consumer noun a person or company which buys and uses goods and services Gas consumers are protesting at the increase in prices. The factory is a heavy consumer of water. Understanding consumer behavior helps farmers meet market demands and optimize production.

Companion Plant: Companion plant noun a plant which improves the growth of nearby plants or reduces pest infestation. Companion plants are often used by horticulturists and gardeners because they encourage growth or reduce pest infestation in an adjacent plant. COMMENT: Some plants grow better when planted near others. Beans and peas help root plants such as carrots and beetroot. Most herbs (except fennel) are helpful to other plants. Marigolds help reduce aphids if they are planted near plants such as broad beans or roses which are subject to aphid infestation. The strong smell of onions is disliked by the carrot fly, so planting onions near carrots makes sense. On the other hand, most other plants (and especially peas and beans) dislike onions and will not grow well near them. Utilizing companion planting enhances crop health and reduces the need for chemical pest control.

Chit: A shoot or sprout, particularly in seed potatoes before planting. Managing chitting involves promoting early sprouting to ensure uniform and healthy crop establishment.

Capability Class: The classification of the usefulness of land for agricultural purposes. Using capability class assessments aids farmers in making informed decisions about land use, crop selection, and sustainable practices.

Calomel: Same as mercury (I) chloride. Understanding the properties and uses of calomel helps farmers use it appropriately and safely in agricultural practices.

Cowman: Cowman /ka?m?n/ noun a person in charge of a dairy herd (NOTE: The plural is cowmen). Engaging with cowmen ensures proper management and care for dairy herds.

Clearcutting: Same as clearcutting, the cutting down of all trees in an area at the same time. Implementing clearcutting practices helps farmers manage forestry operations and support sustainable land use.

Cratch: Cratch /kræ?/ noun a rack used for feeding livestock out of doors. Utilizing cratches provides proper feeding facilities for livestock.

Crossbreed: Crossbreed /kr?sbri:d/ noun an animal bred from two different pure breeds verb to produce new breeds of animals by mating animals of different pure breeds. Engaging in crossbreeding practices supports genetic diversity and livestock improvement.

Chief Veterinary Officer (CVO): The managing head of a state veterinary service. Engaging with the CVO helps farmers stay informed about and comply with livestock health regulations and best practices.

Cyanocobalamin: Cyanocobalamin /sa??n??k??bæl? m?n/ noun vitamin B12. Understanding cyanocobalamin aids in managing livestock nutrition and health.

Cold Treatment: Cold treatment noun the use of freezing to disinfest storage containers. Applying cold treatment protects stored produce from pests and diseases.

Culvert: Culvert /k?lv?t/ noun a covered drain for water. Managing culverts supports proper drainage and land management.

C4: A metabolic pathway for CO2 fixation, which uses four-carbon compounds. Plants with this mechanism, such as maize, are adapted to high sunlight and arid conditions. They have low photorespiration. Understanding C4 plants helps farmers in dry regions choose crops that maximize water use efficiency and yield.