Category: C

Calving Time: The time when a cow is ready to calve. Monitoring calving times helps farmers prepare for and manage the birthing process, ensuring the health of both cow and calf.

Commodity: Commodity noun a substance sold in very large quantities, e.g. raw materials or foodstuffs such as corn, rice, butter. Understanding commodity markets helps farmers optimize production and sales.

Clearance: The action of clearing land for cultivation. Managing land clearance involves using sustainable practices to protect soil health and support crop growth.

Cyst: Cyst noun an unusual growth in the body or on a plant, shaped like a pouch and containing liquid or semi-liquid substances. Understanding cysts aids in managing livestock and crop health.

Caper: A Mediterranean shrub whose flower buds are used as a flavoring. Cultivating capers provides a specialty crop for gourmet markets, diversifying farm products and income.

Channel Island Breeds: The Guernsey and Jersey breeds of dairy cattle. Raising Channel Island breeds provides high-quality milk and contributes to the profitability of dairy operations.

Chicken: A young bird of a domestic fowl or the meat of domestic poultry. Raising chickens provides nutritious meat and valuable produce for fresh markets and processing, contributing to farm income.

Common Prices: Common prices plural noun the prices obtained by all EU farmers for a wide range of their products, including beef, cereals, milk products, and sugar. EU regulations involve control on imports and intervention buying. These prices are reviewed each year. Understanding common prices helps farmers plan production and marketing strategies.

Cultivate: Cultivate verb 1. to grow crops Potatoes are cultivated as the main crop. 2. to dig and manure the soil ready for growing crops The fields are cultivated in the autumn, ready for sowing wheat. Engaging in cultivation practices supports sustainable agriculture and crop production.

Cover Crop: Cover crop noun 1. a crop sown to cover the soil and prevent it from drying out and being eroded (NOTE: When the cover crop has served its purpose, it is usually ploughed in, so leguminous plants which are able to enrich the soil are often used as cover crops.) 2. a crop grown to give protection to another crop that is sown with it In the tropics, bananas can be used as a cover crop for cocoa. 3. a crop grown to give cover to game birds. ‘As leaving maize stubble fields bare could risk failure to meet cross-compliance, more growers are recognizing cover crops could prove a worthwhile option.’ [Farmers Weekly]. Utilizing cover crops enhances soil health and prevents erosion.

Cuber: Cuber /kju:b?/ noun a machine used for making cubes or pellets from meal. Meal mixed with molasses is forced through small holes and cut into various lengths. Utilizing cubers enhances feed quality and management for livestock.

Cloxacillin: A type of antibiotic. Using antibiotics like cloxacillin helps farmers manage livestock health and treat bacterial infections effectively.

CSS: CSS abbreviation Countryside Stewardship Scheme. Engaging in the Countryside Stewardship Scheme supports biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.

Carbon (C): A common non-metallic element that is an essential component of living matter and organic chemical compounds. Carbon is crucial for plant photosynthesis, where it is absorbed from the air and converted into organic matter. Understanding the role of carbon helps farmers enhance soil health and crop productivity through practices like carbon sequestration and proper crop rotation.

Camembert: A soft French cheese produced in Normandy. Producing specialty cheeses like Camembert adds value to dairy operations and offers unique products for niche markets.

Crispbread: Crispbread /kr?spbr?d/ noun a dry biscuit made from rye. Producing crispbread provides a nutritious and shelf-stable food product.

Curry Report: Curry Report noun a UK government report published in 2002 after a major outbreak of foot and mouth disease. It recommended radical changes to the agriculture and food industries, looking forward to a profitable sustainable future for farming in providing good food for consumers who place increasing emphasis on a healthy diet as well as caring for the environment. Engaging with the Curry Report supports agricultural policy development and sustainable farming practices.

Corsican Pine: Corsican pine /k?sik?n pain/ noun a fast-growing conifer (Pinus nigra). Growing Corsican pine provides valuable timber and enhances forest management.

Cruels: Cruels /kru:?lz/ noun same as actinobacillosis. Managing cruels involves providing proper healthcare and treatment for livestock.

Compulsory: Compulsory adjective forced or ordered by an authority the compulsory slaughter of infected animals. Understanding compulsory measures helps manage disease outbreaks and ensure farm biosecurity.

Composting Drum: Composting drum noun a cylindrical container in which organic waste is rotted down to make compost. Using composting drums enhances composting efficiency and nutrient cycling.

Cock: Cock noun 1. a male bird 2. (of poultry) a male chicken over 18 months old. Managing cocks involves providing proper nutrition and healthcare to ensure productivity and welfare.

Cotentin: Cotentin /k?t?ntin/ noun French breed of sheep from the Cotentin peninsula of Normandy. Raising Cotentin sheep provides high-quality meat and wool for markets.

Crazy Chick Disease: Crazy chick disease noun a disease of chicks associated with a diet which is too rich in fats or deficiency of vitamin E. The symptoms include falling over and paralysis. Managing crazy chick disease involves providing proper nutrition and healthcare for poultry.

Crucifer: Crucifer noun a plant such as cabbage whose flowers have four petals. Family: Cruciferae. Cultivating crucifer crops provides nutritious vegetables for markets.

Countryside Management Scheme: Countryside Management Scheme noun in Northern Ireland, a system of payments designed to encourage landowners and farmers to adopt, or to continue with, environmentally sensitive farming practices. Engaging in the Countryside Management Scheme supports sustainable farming practices and environmental conservation.

Caloric: Referring to calories. Managing the caloric intake of livestock ensures they receive sufficient energy for growth, reproduction, and productivity.

Certified Stock: A stock of grain approved for delivery. Managing certified stock ensures high-quality grain production and compliance with market standards.

Caffeine: An alkaloid present in coffee, tea, and kola nuts, known for its stimulating properties. Understanding the effects of caffeine can help farmers who grow these crops manage harvest and processing techniques to maximize quality and market value.

Capsid Bug: A tiny insect that sucks the sap of plants. Managing capsid bugs involves using integrated pest management practices to protect crops and ensure healthy growth.

Cumin: Cumin /kju:m?n/ noun a Mediterranean aromatic herb (Cuminum cyminum) used for flavouring. Cultivating cumin provides valuable culinary and medicinal resources.

Coomb: Coomb /ku:m/ noun a measure of cereals, equalling one sack or four bushels. Understanding agricultural measures like coomb aids in managing crop yields and storage.

Converter: Converter /k?n v?t?/ noun a device which alters the form of something A backup converter converts the alternating current power into direct current. Utilizing converters ensures efficient resource use and adaptation to new systems.

Cos: Cos noun a type of lettuce with long darker green leaves. Cultivating cos lettuce provides nutritious leafy greens for markets.

Canary Grass: A weed that produces a large cylindrical-shaped flower, troublesome in cereals. Managing canary grass involves timely weeding and herbicide application to protect cereal crops and maintain yield.

CJD: Abbreviation for Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Understanding and managing CJD helps farmers protect livestock health and ensure food safety.

Conservation: Conservation noun 1. keeping or not wasting conservation of energy 2. the maintenance of environmental quality and resources by the use of ecological knowledge and principles. Implementing conservation practices helps protect natural resources and promote sustainability.

Cargo: Same as brown rice. Understanding different crop terminologies helps farmers market their products effectively.

CPD: CPD abbreviation continuing professional development. Engaging in continuing professional development ensures up-to-date knowledge and skills for agricultural professionals.

Crawler Tractor: Crawler tractor /kr?:l? trækt?/ noun a large powerful caterpillar tractor, used for heavy work. Utilizing crawler tractors enhances farm machinery efficiency and management.

Cast: To bear offspring prematurely or place an animal on its side on the ground. Properly managing cast animals involves providing appropriate veterinary care and ensuring safe handling practices.

Compound: Compound noun a substance made up of two or more components COMMENT: Chemical compounds are stable (i.e. the proportions of the elements in them are always the same) but they can be split into their basic elements by chemical reactions. Understanding chemical compounds aids in formulating fertilizers and agrochemicals.

Contact Insecticide: Contact insecticide noun a substance such as DDT that kills insects which touch it (NOTE: DDT is now banned in many countries because of its toxicity and ability to accumulate in the environment). Using contact insecticides helps control pests and protect crops.

Contract Crop: Contract crop noun a crop grown to order for a specific outlet. Engaging in contract crop production ensures market access and stable income for farmers.

Clean Cattle: Cattle that have not been used for breeding. Managing clean cattle involves providing proper nutrition and healthcare to ensure their productivity and welfare.

Creamery: Creamery /kri:m?ri/ noun a factory where butter and other products are made from milk. Engaging with creameries supports dairy processing and product quality.

Clip: To cut the wool from a sheep or the total amount of wool obtained from a sheep or flock. Managing shearing operations ensures high-quality wool production and supports livestock health.

Co-Responsibility Levy: Co-responsibility levy noun a levy on overproduction introduced in the EU in 1987. The levy shared the cost of disposal of surpluses between the community and the producers. Understanding co-responsibility levies helps manage agricultural surpluses and market regulation.

Coliform: Coliform /k?lif?rm/ adjective referring to bacteria which are similar in shape to Escherichia coli. Monitoring coliform bacteria helps ensure water and food safety on farms.

Clotted Cream: A type of cream that has been heated and becomes more solid. Producing clotted cream provides a specialty dairy product for niche markets, enhancing farm income.