Category: C

Cultured Milk Products: Cultured milk products plural noun products such as yoghurt made from milk which has been exposed to harmless bacteria. Utilizing cultured milk products provides nutritious dairy resources.

Cleavers: A widespread weed (Galium aparine) affecting winter cereals, oilseed, and early-sown spring crops. Managing cleavers involves using appropriate weed control measures to protect crops and maintain healthy fields.

COMA: COMA /k??m?/ abbreviation Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy. Engaging with COMA ensures adherence to medical guidelines for food safety and nutrition.

calving: The process of giving birth to a calf. Understanding and managing calving is crucial for maintaining herd health and productivity.

Chemical Element: A substance such as iron, calcium, or oxygen, existing independently and not formed from a combination of other substances. Understanding chemical elements aids in managing soil fertility and livestock nutrition for optimal farm productivity.

Covered Smut: Covered smut noun a fungal disease (Ustilago hordei) affecting oats and barley. Managing covered smut involves using integrated disease management strategies to protect crops.

Clingstone: Referring to varieties of peach where the flesh is attached to the stone. Understanding fruit characteristics like clingstone helps farmers manage crop varieties and market produce effectively.

COSHH: COSHH noun UK regulations controlling substances with known health risks. Full form Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (UK Regulations). COMMENT: Farmwork may involve exposure to many substances which can be hazardous to health. Safety in the use of pesticides extends not only to protecting the user but also the need to protect the environment. Complying with COSHH regulations ensures safe handling and use of hazardous substances in agriculture.

Calf Enteric Disease: A disease of calves causing severe diarrhea. Managing calf enteric disease includes proper sanitation, hydration, and medical treatment to prevent mortality and promote healthy growth.

Chicory: A blue-flowered plant (Cichorium intybus) cultivated for its salad leaves and roots. Growing chicory provides nutritious and versatile produce for fresh markets and processing, contributing to farm income.

Countryside Recreation Site: Countryside recreation site noun a location visited or used by tourists in the countryside, e.g. a national park, heritage coast, cycle path, or watersports facility. Managing countryside recreation sites promotes sustainable tourism and rural development.

Countryside Stewardship Scheme: Countryside Stewardship Scheme noun formerly in England and Wales, a system of payments made to landowners and farmers who alter their farming practices to benefit the natural environment and maintain biodiversity (NOTE: The Countryside Stewardship Scheme has now been superseded by the Environmental Stewardship scheme). ‘The Defra-funded Countryside Stewardship and Environmentally Sensitive Areas schemes help to maintain and enhance the biodiversity and landscape value of farmed land, protect historic features, and promote public access. (Delivering the evidence. Defra’s Science and Innovation Strategy, 2003–06)’. Engaging in the Countryside Stewardship Scheme supports biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.

Chemical Food Poisoning: Poisoning by chemical substances in food, such as toxic substances naturally present in plants or insecticides in processed food. Ensuring food safety involves managing chemical residues and adhering to regulations to protect consumer health.

Commission of the European Union: Commission of the European Union noun the executive body of the European Union. Engaging with the Commission of the European Union ensures compliance with agricultural policies and regulations.

Caecum: A wide part of the intestine leading to the colon. Understanding livestock anatomy, such as the caecum, helps farmers manage animal health and optimize digestive efficiency in their herds.

Carob: A long flat dried pod of the carob tree, used in food preparations and animal feed. Growing carob provides a nutritious feed source and raw material for various food products, enhancing farm income.

Caterpillar Tractor: A tractor with a revolving set of linked metal plates on either side instead of wheels. Using caterpillar tractors helps farmers manage field operations on difficult terrain, improving efficiency and productivity.

Cep: An edible mushroom-like fungus (Boletus edulis). Cultivating or foraging for ceps provides a specialty crop for gourmet markets, enhancing farm product diversity and income.

Calcifuge: A plant that prefers acid soils and does not grow on chalky or alkaline soils. Recognizing calcifuges helps farmers optimize crop selection and soil management practices.

Cereal Stands: Fields of standing cereal crops. Managing cereal stands involves monitoring crop health and implementing best practices to ensure high yields and quality produce.

Chlorosis: A reduction of chlorophyll in plants, making the leaves turn yellow. Managing chlorosis involves identifying and addressing nutrient deficiencies to ensure healthy crop growth.

C3: A metabolic pathway in plants, which uses three-carbon compounds to fix CO2 from the atmosphere. C3 plants, like wheat and rice, are adapted to cooler, wetter environments. Recognizing C3 plants allows farmers to optimize planting schedules and irrigation practices for these crops.

Chervil: A herb (Anthriscus cerefolium) used as a garnish or in salads and soups. Growing chervil provides a specialty crop for culinary use, enhancing farm product diversity and income.

County, Parish, Holding: County, parish, holding noun a unique 3-part identification number for land used to keep livestock. Abbr CPH. Utilizing county, parish, holding identification ensures proper livestock management and traceability.

CCFRA: Abbreviation for Campden and Chorleywood Food Research Association. Engaging with CCFRA helps farmers adopt innovative practices and improve food production processes.

Commercial Seed: Commercial seed noun seed sold as being true to kind, but not necessarily pure. Utilizing commercial seed ensures crop consistency and reliability.

Chemotrophic: Referring to organisms obtaining energy from sources such as organic matter. Understanding chemotrophic processes aids farmers in managing soil health and nutrient availability for crops.

Chemical Element: A substance such as iron, calcium, or oxygen, existing independently and not formed from a combination of other substances. Understanding chemical elements aids in managing soil fertility and livestock nutrition for optimal farm productivity.

Controlled Atmosphere: Controlled atmosphere noun the conditions in which oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations are regulated and monitored, e.g. to improve the storage of fruit and vegetables. ‘English plum producers are looking at the possibility of storing Victoria plums in controlled atmosphere to extend the season until at least September.’ [The Grocer]. Utilizing controlled atmosphere storage extends the shelf life of produce and maintains product quality.

Convenience Foods: Convenience foods plural noun foods which have been prepared so that they are ready to be served after simply being reheated ‘People are working longer hours. As a result demand for convenience foods has exploded, not just for pre-packed ready meals, but quickly cooked food like chops and steaks.’ [Farmers Guardian]. Producing convenience foods meets market demands and provides quick meal solutions.

Calcium Borogluconate: A chemical given in the form of injections to cows suffering from milk fever due to calcium deficiency. Administering calcium borogluconate helps restore calcium levels in cows, preventing milk fever and maintaining herd health.

Crossbar: Crossbar noun a bar which goes across something to make it more solid, as the crossbar of a rake. Utilizing crossbars enhances farm equipment efficiency and management.

Clod: A large lump of soil that may be difficult to break down into tilth. Managing clods involves using appropriate soil cultivation techniques to ensure a healthy seedbed for crops.

CFCU: Abbreviation for Counter Fraud and Compliance Unit. Engaging with CFCU helps farmers ensure compliance with regulations and protect against fraud.

Cultural Control: Cultural control noun the control of pests using various agricultural techniques such as crop rotation. Implementing cultural control practices supports pest management and sustainable agriculture.

Carry: To keep livestock on farmland. Properly managing livestock carrying capacity ensures sustainable grazing practices and prevents overgrazing.

Chinese Goose: A breed of goose with a lighter carcass, raised for meat production. Raising Chinese geese provides high-quality meat and valuable produce for niche markets, contributing to farm income.

CTS: CTS abbreviation Cattle Tracing Scheme. Utilizing the Cattle Tracing Scheme ensures proper livestock management and traceability.

Chemotroph: An organism converting energy from organic chemical compounds into more complex energy without using sunlight. Understanding chemotrophs helps farmers manage soil health and nutrient cycling for optimal crop growth.

Contact Animal: Contact animal noun an animal which has had contact with a diseased animal and which may need to be isolated ‘Movement restrictions placed on the contact animals in the herd will remain in place and the animals will be subject to testing for brucellosis over a period of months.’ [Farmers Guardian]. Managing contact animals helps prevent disease spread and ensure herd health.

Chain: A number of metal rings attached together to make a line or a measure of length equal to 22 yards. Using chains in farming operations helps manage equipment and measure land accurately.

Cranefly: Cranefly /kre?nfl??/ noun a common pest (Tipula). The larvae are leatherjackets, which affect cereal crops, feeding on the crops in spring, eating away the roots and stems. Managing cranefly involves using integrated pest management strategies to protect crops.

Crusher: Crusher /kr???/ noun a company or factory which specializes in crushing seed to extract oil. Utilizing crushers enhances oil extraction efficiency and product quality.

CCW: Abbreviation for Countryside Council for Wales. Collaborating with CCW helps farmers stay informed about and involved in rural conservation efforts.

Cloven Hoof: The divided hoof of animals like cattle, sheep, and pigs. Understanding livestock anatomy, including cloven hooves, helps farmers manage animal health and provide proper care.

Caterpillar: The soft-bodied larva of many species of butterflies and moths, feeding mainly on foliage. Managing caterpillar populations involves using integrated pest management practices to protect crops and ensure healthy growth.

Cultivated Land: Cultivated land noun land that has been dug or prepared for growing crops. Managing cultivated land supports sustainable farming practices and crop production.

Collie: Collie /k?li/ noun Scottish breed of sheepdog. Employing Collies in livestock management improves herd control and protection.

Cabbage: A cultivated vegetable (Brassica oleracea) with a round heart or head, a useful food for stock and human consumption. Growing cabbage can improve farm income through fresh market sales and provide nutritious feed for livestock.

Chinchilla: A small rabbit important for its soft grey fur. Raising chinchillas provides high-value fur for the textile industry, enhancing farm income and product diversity.