Category: R

RCGM: Abbreviation for rectified concentrated grape must. This product is used in winemaking, providing farmers with an additional market for surplus grapes and improving wine quality.

Royal Agricultural Society of England: An organization whose main task is running the annual Royal Show held at The National Agricultural Centre, Stoneleigh, Kenilworth, Warwickshire. Abbreviation: RASE. The RASE promotes agricultural innovation and best practices, benefiting farmers through resources and knowledge sharing.

radish: A small plant with red or white roots used mainly in salads. Provides farmers with a quick-growing crop that can be sold fresh or used to diversify their produce offerings.

rib grass: A palatable deep-rooting herb with a high mineral content, which may benefit pasture. Incorporating rib grass into pastures improves forage quality and supports livestock health.

right of access: The right of someone to be able to get to land by passing over someone else’s property; the right of the public to walk in areas of the countryside, providing they do not harm crops or farm animals. Understanding right of access helps farmers manage land use and protect crops and livestock.

rootstock: A plant with roots onto which a piece of another plant is grafted. Using rootstock supports successful grafting and improves crop quality and productivity.

rural affairs: The activities and concerns of rural communities. Understanding rural affairs helps farmers engage with community issues and promote rural development.

red corpuscle: A red blood cell which contains haemoglobin and carries oxygen to the tissues. Understanding blood components is important for diagnosing and treating livestock health issues.

RQ: Abbreviation for respiratory quotient. Monitoring respiratory quotient helps farmers assess livestock health and optimize feeding strategies.

rookery: A breeding place for a colony of rooks. Managing rookeries helps farmers protect crops and manage bird populations.

range management: The practice of managing rangelands for sustainable livestock grazing and ecosystem health. Proper range management balances animal needs with environmental conservation.

rear: To look after young animals until they are old enough to look after themselves. Proper rearing practices ensure the health and productivity of livestock.

rural development agency: An official body set up to develop policies and oversee rural development. Rural development agencies support farmers by providing resources and implementing development projects.

rendzina: Soil developed on chalk and limestone rocks characterized by its shallowness and lack of true subsoil. Managing rendzina soil helps farmers optimize crop production on challenging soil types.

rack: A frame of wooden or metal bars which holds fodder, and from which animals can eat. Helps farmers efficiently feed livestock, reducing waste and ensuring animals have constant access to food.

renewable resource: A natural resource that replaces itself unless overused, e.g. animal or plant life, fresh water, or wind energy. Managing renewable resources sustainably ensures long-term farm productivity and environmental health.

ring rot: A disease affecting potatoes. Managing ring rot helps farmers protect potato crops and ensure high-quality yields.

redwater: A parasitic disease of cattle transmitted by the common tick. The affected animal becomes very dull, feverish, salivates freely, and often staggers and falls. The acute form of the disease is often fatal. Managing redwater is crucial for maintaining cattle health and farm productivity.

rural environment: The countryside. Protecting the rural environment supports sustainable agriculture and enhances biodiversity.

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restrictions of Chemicals: A proposed review of the EU’s chemicals policy, in which comprehensive health and safety research will be carried out for all substances. Abbreviation: REACH. REACH regulations ensure safe use of chemicals in agriculture, protecting farmworkers, consumers, and the environment.

Rhode Island Red: A heavy breed of fowl, with red feathers on the body, and black tail and wing feathers. It produces large brown eggs. Raising Rhode Island Reds provides farmers with a reliable source of high-quality eggs and meat.

rye: A hardy cereal crop grown in temperate areas. Latin name: Secale cereale. Growing rye provides farmers with a versatile crop option for food and feed.

rennin: An enzyme which makes milk coagulate in the stomach, so as to slow down the passage of the milk through the digestive system. Understanding rennin’s role helps farmers manage livestock diets and improve dairy production.

rosemary: An aromatic herb (Rosemarinus officinalis) used for flavoring and also as a source of oil used in soaps and cosmetics. Growing rosemary diversifies farm produce offerings and meets consumer demand for fresh herbs and herbal products.

recessiveness: The characteristic of a gene that leads to its not being expressed in the individual carrying it when a corresponding dominant gene is also present. Knowledge of recessive traits is crucial for breeding programs and improving farm animal and crop characteristics.

Royal Agricultural Societies: An alliance between the Royal Agricultural Society of England, the Royal Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland, the Royal Welsh Agricultural Society, and the Royal Ulster Agricultural Society. Abbreviation: RAS. The Royal Agricultural Societies support farmers through research, education, and advocacy, enhancing agricultural practices and policies.

renewable: Referring to something that can be replaced or can renew itself by regrowing, reforming, or breeding. Utilizing renewable resources supports sustainable farming practices and reduces environmental impact.

row crop: A crop planted in rows wide enough to allow cultivators between the rows. Most farm crops are drilled in rows, in preference to broadcasting. Managing row crops supports efficient cultivation and weed control.

refined: Having had impurities removed. Refined products often command higher prices, benefiting farmers by increasing their income.

Ryeland: A rare breed of sheep. It is a medium-sized animal, white faced and without horns. The sheep has a very symmetrical shape and a thick growth of wool. Raising Ryeland sheep helps farmers preserve rare breeds and produce high-quality wool and meat.

rural sustainability: The act of trying to make sure that rural development does not use too many natural resources or cause other damage. Promoting rural sustainability ensures long-term agricultural productivity and environmental health.

rill: A very narrow stream; a small channel eroded in soil by rainwater. It can be removed during ordinary cultivation. Managing rills helps farmers control soil erosion and maintain field productivity.

Rural Payments Agency: The organization that is responsible for all CAP schemes in England and for some schemes in the rest of the UK. Abbreviation: RPA. The RPA supports farmers by administering agricultural subsidy schemes and ensuring compliance with regulations.

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds: A UK charity that works to ensure a good environment for birds and wildlife. Abbreviation: RSPB. The RSPB supports farmers by promoting sustainable land management practices that protect bird habitats.

Roussin: A breed of sheep imported into the UK from France. Raising Roussin sheep provides farmers with high-quality meat and wool, supporting diversified farm income.

roughage: Fibrous matter in food, which cannot be digested; animal feedingstuffs with high fiber content, e.g. hay or straw. Using roughage supports healthy livestock digestion and nutrition.

RPA: Abbreviation for Rural Payments Agency. The RPA supports farmers by administering agricultural subsidy schemes and ensuring compliance with regulations.

rural economy: Farming and other businesses in rural areas. Supporting the rural economy enhances agricultural productivity and promotes sustainable rural livelihoods.

rock phosphate: A natural rock ground to a fine powder, used as a fertilizer. Using rock phosphate provides farmers with a natural source of phosphorus, supporting soil fertility and crop growth.

Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons: A body which organizes the examinations for veterinary surgeons and represents them. Abbreviation: RCVS. The RCVS supports farmers by ensuring high standards of veterinary practice, contributing to animal health and welfare.

RLR: Abbreviation for Rural Land Register. The RLR provides farmers with accurate land data, supporting efficient farm management and compliance with regulatory requirements.

rural development: A program of activities undertaken to ensure that rural areas remain economically and socially sustainable. Promoting rural development supports agricultural growth and improves rural livelihoods.

reproduce: To produce offspring; (of bacteria) to produce new cells. Understanding reproduction is essential for managing livestock breeding programs and ensuring farm productivity.

runch: A common weed (Raphanus raphanistrum). Also called wild radish. Managing runch helps farmers protect crop yields and ensure high-quality produce.

round and round ploughing: A system of ploughing in which fields are ploughed from the center to the outside or from the edge to the center. Using round and round ploughing techniques supports efficient soil management and crop production.

rotary mower: A machine used for cutting grass and other upright crops. Rotary mowers have two or four rotors each with three or four swinging blades. Using rotary mowers supports efficient forage management and crop cutting.

raspberry: A cane (Rubus idaeus) which provides a most important soft fruit, sold fresh, sent for freezing, and also used for processing into jams. Growing raspberries can diversify farm income and meet consumer demand for fresh and processed berries.

reserve: An area of land maintained for the benefit of plant or animal life where no commercial exploitation is allowed. Nature reserves protect biodiversity and support conservation efforts, benefiting the environment and local communities.

robot milker: A system used in a completely automated milking parlour. Lasers, mirrors, and cameras are used to put all four caps on the teats simultaneously. Using robot milkers enhances milking efficiency and reduces labor costs on dairy farms.

russeting: The formation of brown patches on the skin of an apple. Managing russeting helps farmers produce high-quality fruit.